ESSAY FOR ALL EXAMS

 

Industrial Sector of Pakistan. (Situation, Issues and Solutions)  

1. Introduction:

 2. Industrial Sector and Its Components:   

3. Importance of business Sector for a Country:

4. Different Phases of commercial Development in Pakistan: • 1950s: the time of Rapid Industrial Growth: • 1960s: the time of commercial Stabilization: • 1970s: Nationalization and its Impacts: • 1980s: Russian-Afghan war and Pro-Industrial policies of Zia: • 1990s: the last decade of Privatization: • Post 9/11: Commercialization under Musharraf: 5. Present Situation of commercial Sector of Pakistan: • Situation of producing sector: - Large Scale manufacturing sector.  - Small Scale manufacturing sector.  • Situation of Construction Sector: • Situation of Mining Sector: • Situation of Electricity Generation and Distribution Sector: 6. Issue Confronting the economic Sector of Pakistan: • Economic Issues: - Energy crisis. ​. - Huge bank spread.  - Devaluation of currency.  - Under-utilization of national resources.  - Lack of infrastructure. 

• Social Issues: - Marginalized role of girls.  - Overpopulation.  - Malnutrition and diseases.  - Corruption.  - Slackness and Lethargy.  • Political Issues: - Terrorism.  - Flawed Policies.  - International isolation.  - Political instability.  • Administrative Issues: - Poor performance of state-owned enterprises.  - Labyrinthine procedures and processes in government offices.  - law and order situation.  - Weak criminal justice system.  - Lack of specialize in R&D. 7. Some Workable Solutions to the economic Sector Issues: • Provision of Uninterrupted and Cheap Supply of Energy to the economic Sector on Preferential Basis: • Provision of Cheap and straightforward Credit Facility:  • Maximum Extraction and Utilization of Indigenous Mineral Resources: • Effective and Beneficial use of ladies Workplace: • Provision of Necessary Healthcare Facilities for the Labor: • Eradication of the Scourge of Terrorism: • Research based and Workable Industrial Policies: • Sustenance of Democracy and Political Stability: • Promotion of Public-Private Partnership: • Improved Law and Order Situation and Protection of Property Rights: • Reservation of considerable allow Research and Development: 8. Conclusion:​FB Group:     

(4) Pak-China Relations 1. Introduction:

2. Some Facts about China and Pakistan: 3. Historical evidence of Pak-China Friendship: - Border settlement between Pakistan and China.  - Role of China in Pakistan-India war. ​ - Chinese support for Pakistan at UNSC.  - China and Nuclear Program of Pakistan.  - Role of China within the Defense needs of Pakistan.  - Pakistan’s support to China at the days of isolation.  - Pakistan’s role in bridging the gap between China and US.  4. Present Contours of Pak-China Relations: • Economic Aspect: - Chinese investment within the sort of CPEC.  - Flourishing trade between two countries.  - FDI share from China.  - Cheap exports and Imports for China.  • Social Aspect. - Infrastructure development in Pakistan.  - Ongoing and future energy projects in Pakistan.  - Efforts for the eradication of terrorism.  - Upgraded living standards in Pakistan.  - Disaster management in Pakistan.  • Political Aspect: - Strings of Pearls policy.  - India as a mutual enemy.  - Stability of Afghanistan.  - US inclination toward India.  - Pakistan’s SCO membership.  - Strategic importance of Gwadar for China.  5. Challenges to the Friendship: - Uyghur separatist’s movement.  - Targeted killings of Chinese workers in Pakistan.  - Pakistan’s engagement with the US.  - Changing nature of China-India relationship.  - Failure of CPEC project.  - Increasing gaps between economies of both countries.  - Lack of harmony in political parties of Pakistan.  6. Recommendations for future Strengthening of Bonds: • Pakistan’s Role:

- No Support for terrorism in Xinjiang.  - Provision of foolproof security to Chinese workers.  - Political consensus over national agenda. - Early implementation of CPEC Projects.  - No Overtures to US at the price of China.  - Struggle for improvement of national image.  - Joint efforts for stability in Afghanistan.  • China’s Role. - Support for Kashmir Cause.  - More assistance in energy projects.  - Enhanced trade ties.  - Assistance within the field of Education and research and development.  - Pakistan’s entry into SCO.  7. Conclusion: 

(5) Democracy is not any more Vulnerable in Pakistan​. 1. Introduction: 2. an outline of Pakistan’s Political History: - the sport of musical chair in first nine years.  - jurisprudence of General Ayub Khan.  - Revival of democracy after the secession of People's Republic of Bangladesh.  - The murder of democracy and Zia regime.  - Era of 90s –the miracle of Article 58(2b).  - Plane Hijacking case and jurisprudence of Musharaf.  - Controlled democracy during Musharaf regime.  - Charter of democracy and revival of democracy in Pakistan.  3. Factors behind the derailment of Democracy in Past: - Absence of patriotic, nationalist, competent and better styled leadership.  - Overdependence on Army under the influence of antagonistic and uncongenial relations with neighboring countries.  - Anemic, impotent and spineless political institutions.  - Frail, feeble  4. Is Democracy still Vulnerable in Pakistan? No the case is modified as now we have: - Sovereign, watchful and well founded media institution.  - A vigilant and proactive civil society extremely alive to the importance of democracy.  - A judiciary that appears to be contrite and remorseful for its past character. 

- Political leadership which looks conscientious enough to shield democracy even at the price of non-public gains.  - Military leadership that appears to possess more inclination towards fulfilling its professional responsibilities.  - A recent experience of bitter repercussion of dictatorship in Musharraf regime.  5. Indispensability of the Sustenance of Democracy to the event of Pakistan: Democracy is vital because it: - Bestows upon the people political maturity and wisdom and enables them to decide on the simplest lot for managing their affairs.  - Ensures consensus-based deciding and helps within the formulation of coherent and practicable policies.  - Promotes the culture of accountability and wipeout the malaises of corruption, inefficiency and nepotism.  - Confers the sense of participation within the various sections of society and thus promotes national integration.  - Confers the sense of freedom upon citizens and wins their loyalty to the state.  - Fosters the culture of equality before law and investigators public faith in institutions.  - Brings political stability and provides an environment conducive to development and growth.  6. Recommendations for the longer term Strengthening of Democracy in Pakistan: - Introduction of meaningful electoral reforms.  - Strengthening regime institutions.  - Improve the performance of democratic government.  - Bringing in purposeful regulation of media to form it undergone and sensible.  - Enhancing contributory role of educational institutes.  - Ensuring independence of judiciary.  - Reform the government officials to enhance the performance of bureaucracy.  7. Conclusion:   

(6) Crisis of excellent Governance in Pakistan (Need for Reform and Institution Building)  1. Introduction:​. 2. Good Governance and Its Indicators: 3. Importance of excellent Governance for a country: - Importance for the Economic sector.  - Importance for the Political sector.  - Importance for the Social Sector.  4. Is Pakistan Confronting a crisis of fine Governance?.

Yes! the subsequent facts are proof:​. - General public’s shattered trust in Government.  - Absence of accountability culture in the slightest degree levels.  - Lack of transparency in functioning of public organizations.  - Prevalence of Procrastination and bureaucratic procedure in day to day government functioning.  - Inadequate participation of general public in deciding.  - Persistent existence of evil of corruption.  - Absence of rule of law.  - Highly unbalanced development and growth.  - Institutional decay.  - Inadequate delivery of social services.  5. Major Causes of the Deplorable Situation of Governance in Pakistan: - Frequent derailment of democracy.  - Impotent and puny judiciary.  - Absence of free and mature media.  - Shortsighted and self centered approach of politicians.  - Failure of educational institutions to supply good citizens.  - Excessive politicization of public sector.  - Dismal performance of the Watch Dog Institutes.  - Presence of lacunas and flaws within the criminal justice system.  - Lack of Checks and balance.  - Lack of civic awareness.  - Bureaucracy attitude. ​. 6. Some Measures Taken by Government to Ameliorate the Situation: - Enactment of Laws. - Establishment of monitoring organizations and committees.  - Introduction of internal checks and controls.  - Deliberation of introduction of civil services reforms.  7. Recommended Reforms for Institution Building and Improved Governance in Pakistan: - Active role of politicians, media and civil society to safeguard the democracy.  - Independent and responsible role of judiciary.  - Prudent and mature role of media.  - Introduction of civil services reforms to boost performance of bureaucracy.  - Introduction of technology publicly sector.  - Reformation of Watch Dog Institutes.  - Necessary statutory amendments to enhance the criminal justice system.  - Accountability in the slightest degree level.  - Public participation in higher cognitive process.  - Role of educational institutions to provide good citizens.  8. Conclusion

Different types of Media: - medium.  - Electronic Media.  • Social Media and its Types: - Blogs and Microblogs.  - Social networking sites (Face book).  - Social Commerce (Amazon, Alibaba) - Social Media news (Digg).  - VoIP Software (Skype, MSN).  • Social Media as a source of connecting people.  - Connecting with unknown people belonging to other nations and states.  - Connecting people one already know, regardless of their location.  - Possibility of staying connected with others around the clock.  - Little cost of maintaining connection.  - Fast and speedy connectivity.  - Easy tracing of lost contacts. ​. 3. Benefits of Connectivity through social Media: • Social:  - Shares information.  - Upgrades living standard.  - is source of education.  - Eliminates social biases.  • Economic: - Spreads political awareness.  - Assists in political deciding.  o Arab Spring 2011.  o General Elections in Pakistan 2013.  - Highlights public issues and grievances.  • Political: - Gives information on economic opportunities.  - Provide platform for economic activities. . - Renders assistance in economic higher cognitive process.  • Religious:​. - Imparts religious education.  - Eliminates religious biases.  - is platform of non secular preaching.  • Administrative: - is source of data sharing.