ESSAY FOR ALL EXAMS

 

Industrial Sector of Pakistan. (Situation, Issues and Solutions)  

1. Introduction:

 2. Industrial Sector and Its Components:   

3. Importance of business Sector for a Country:

4. Different Phases of commercial Development in Pakistan: • 1950s: the time of Rapid Industrial Growth: • 1960s: the time of commercial Stabilization: • 1970s: Nationalization and its Impacts: • 1980s: Russian-Afghan war and Pro-Industrial policies of Zia: • 1990s: the last decade of Privatization: • Post 9/11: Commercialization under Musharraf: 5. Present Situation of commercial Sector of Pakistan: • Situation of producing sector: - Large Scale manufacturing sector.  - Small Scale manufacturing sector.  • Situation of Construction Sector: • Situation of Mining Sector: • Situation of Electricity Generation and Distribution Sector: 6. Issue Confronting the economic Sector of Pakistan: • Economic Issues: - Energy crisis. ​. - Huge bank spread.  - Devaluation of currency.  - Under-utilization of national resources.  - Lack of infrastructure. 

• Social Issues: - Marginalized role of girls.  - Overpopulation.  - Malnutrition and diseases.  - Corruption.  - Slackness and Lethargy.  • Political Issues: - Terrorism.  - Flawed Policies.  - International isolation.  - Political instability.  • Administrative Issues: - Poor performance of state-owned enterprises.  - Labyrinthine procedures and processes in government offices.  - law and order situation.  - Weak criminal justice system.  - Lack of specialize in R&D. 7. Some Workable Solutions to the economic Sector Issues: • Provision of Uninterrupted and Cheap Supply of Energy to the economic Sector on Preferential Basis: • Provision of Cheap and straightforward Credit Facility:  • Maximum Extraction and Utilization of Indigenous Mineral Resources: • Effective and Beneficial use of ladies Workplace: • Provision of Necessary Healthcare Facilities for the Labor: • Eradication of the Scourge of Terrorism: • Research based and Workable Industrial Policies: • Sustenance of Democracy and Political Stability: • Promotion of Public-Private Partnership: • Improved Law and Order Situation and Protection of Property Rights: • Reservation of considerable allow Research and Development: 8. Conclusion:​FB Group:     

(4) Pak-China Relations 1. Introduction:

2. Some Facts about China and Pakistan: 3. Historical evidence of Pak-China Friendship: - Border settlement between Pakistan and China.  - Role of China in Pakistan-India war. ​ - Chinese support for Pakistan at UNSC.  - China and Nuclear Program of Pakistan.  - Role of China within the Defense needs of Pakistan.  - Pakistan’s support to China at the days of isolation.  - Pakistan’s role in bridging the gap between China and US.  4. Present Contours of Pak-China Relations: • Economic Aspect: - Chinese investment within the sort of CPEC.  - Flourishing trade between two countries.  - FDI share from China.  - Cheap exports and Imports for China.  • Social Aspect. - Infrastructure development in Pakistan.  - Ongoing and future energy projects in Pakistan.  - Efforts for the eradication of terrorism.  - Upgraded living standards in Pakistan.  - Disaster management in Pakistan.  • Political Aspect: - Strings of Pearls policy.  - India as a mutual enemy.  - Stability of Afghanistan.  - US inclination toward India.  - Pakistan’s SCO membership.  - Strategic importance of Gwadar for China.  5. Challenges to the Friendship: - Uyghur separatist’s movement.  - Targeted killings of Chinese workers in Pakistan.  - Pakistan’s engagement with the US.  - Changing nature of China-India relationship.  - Failure of CPEC project.  - Increasing gaps between economies of both countries.  - Lack of harmony in political parties of Pakistan.  6. Recommendations for future Strengthening of Bonds: • Pakistan’s Role:

- No Support for terrorism in Xinjiang.  - Provision of foolproof security to Chinese workers.  - Political consensus over national agenda. - Early implementation of CPEC Projects.  - No Overtures to US at the price of China.  - Struggle for improvement of national image.  - Joint efforts for stability in Afghanistan.  • China’s Role. - Support for Kashmir Cause.  - More assistance in energy projects.  - Enhanced trade ties.  - Assistance within the field of Education and research and development.  - Pakistan’s entry into SCO.  7. Conclusion: 

(5) Democracy is not any more Vulnerable in Pakistan​. 1. Introduction: 2. an outline of Pakistan’s Political History: - the sport of musical chair in first nine years.  - jurisprudence of General Ayub Khan.  - Revival of democracy after the secession of People's Republic of Bangladesh.  - The murder of democracy and Zia regime.  - Era of 90s –the miracle of Article 58(2b).  - Plane Hijacking case and jurisprudence of Musharaf.  - Controlled democracy during Musharaf regime.  - Charter of democracy and revival of democracy in Pakistan.  3. Factors behind the derailment of Democracy in Past: - Absence of patriotic, nationalist, competent and better styled leadership.  - Overdependence on Army under the influence of antagonistic and uncongenial relations with neighboring countries.  - Anemic, impotent and spineless political institutions.  - Frail, feeble  4. Is Democracy still Vulnerable in Pakistan? No the case is modified as now we have: - Sovereign, watchful and well founded media institution.  - A vigilant and proactive civil society extremely alive to the importance of democracy.  - A judiciary that appears to be contrite and remorseful for its past character. 

- Political leadership which looks conscientious enough to shield democracy even at the price of non-public gains.  - Military leadership that appears to possess more inclination towards fulfilling its professional responsibilities.  - A recent experience of bitter repercussion of dictatorship in Musharraf regime.  5. Indispensability of the Sustenance of Democracy to the event of Pakistan: Democracy is vital because it: - Bestows upon the people political maturity and wisdom and enables them to decide on the simplest lot for managing their affairs.  - Ensures consensus-based deciding and helps within the formulation of coherent and practicable policies.  - Promotes the culture of accountability and wipeout the malaises of corruption, inefficiency and nepotism.  - Confers the sense of participation within the various sections of society and thus promotes national integration.  - Confers the sense of freedom upon citizens and wins their loyalty to the state.  - Fosters the culture of equality before law and investigators public faith in institutions.  - Brings political stability and provides an environment conducive to development and growth.  6. Recommendations for the longer term Strengthening of Democracy in Pakistan: - Introduction of meaningful electoral reforms.  - Strengthening regime institutions.  - Improve the performance of democratic government.  - Bringing in purposeful regulation of media to form it undergone and sensible.  - Enhancing contributory role of educational institutes.  - Ensuring independence of judiciary.  - Reform the government officials to enhance the performance of bureaucracy.  7. Conclusion:   

(6) Crisis of excellent Governance in Pakistan (Need for Reform and Institution Building)  1. Introduction:​. 2. Good Governance and Its Indicators: 3. Importance of excellent Governance for a country: - Importance for the Economic sector.  - Importance for the Political sector.  - Importance for the Social Sector.  4. Is Pakistan Confronting a crisis of fine Governance?.

Yes! the subsequent facts are proof:​. - General public’s shattered trust in Government.  - Absence of accountability culture in the slightest degree levels.  - Lack of transparency in functioning of public organizations.  - Prevalence of Procrastination and bureaucratic procedure in day to day government functioning.  - Inadequate participation of general public in deciding.  - Persistent existence of evil of corruption.  - Absence of rule of law.  - Highly unbalanced development and growth.  - Institutional decay.  - Inadequate delivery of social services.  5. Major Causes of the Deplorable Situation of Governance in Pakistan: - Frequent derailment of democracy.  - Impotent and puny judiciary.  - Absence of free and mature media.  - Shortsighted and self centered approach of politicians.  - Failure of educational institutions to supply good citizens.  - Excessive politicization of public sector.  - Dismal performance of the Watch Dog Institutes.  - Presence of lacunas and flaws within the criminal justice system.  - Lack of Checks and balance.  - Lack of civic awareness.  - Bureaucracy attitude. ​. 6. Some Measures Taken by Government to Ameliorate the Situation: - Enactment of Laws. - Establishment of monitoring organizations and committees.  - Introduction of internal checks and controls.  - Deliberation of introduction of civil services reforms.  7. Recommended Reforms for Institution Building and Improved Governance in Pakistan: - Active role of politicians, media and civil society to safeguard the democracy.  - Independent and responsible role of judiciary.  - Prudent and mature role of media.  - Introduction of civil services reforms to boost performance of bureaucracy.  - Introduction of technology publicly sector.  - Reformation of Watch Dog Institutes.  - Necessary statutory amendments to enhance the criminal justice system.  - Accountability in the slightest degree level.  - Public participation in higher cognitive process.  - Role of educational institutions to provide good citizens.  8. Conclusion

Different types of Media: - medium.  - Electronic Media.  • Social Media and its Types: - Blogs and Microblogs.  - Social networking sites (Face book).  - Social Commerce (Amazon, Alibaba) - Social Media news (Digg).  - VoIP Software (Skype, MSN).  • Social Media as a source of connecting people.  - Connecting with unknown people belonging to other nations and states.  - Connecting people one already know, regardless of their location.  - Possibility of staying connected with others around the clock.  - Little cost of maintaining connection.  - Fast and speedy connectivity.  - Easy tracing of lost contacts. ​. 3. Benefits of Connectivity through social Media: • Social:  - Shares information.  - Upgrades living standard.  - is source of education.  - Eliminates social biases.  • Economic: - Spreads political awareness.  - Assists in political deciding.  o Arab Spring 2011.  o General Elections in Pakistan 2013.  - Highlights public issues and grievances.  • Political: - Gives information on economic opportunities.  - Provide platform for economic activities. . - Renders assistance in economic higher cognitive process.  • Religious:​. - Imparts religious education.  - Eliminates religious biases.  - is platform of non secular preaching.  • Administrative: - is source of data sharing.

ESSAY FOR CSS

 

Outline 1.

 Introduction

2. Brief history of nuclear weapons

3. Perils of nuclear weapons

4. have to eliminate nuclear weapons

5. Global zero initiative

6. is that this goal achievable? Yes: a. Historical support b. Political will c. Strong public support d. New leadership

7. a way to achieve it? Procedure/Strategy: a. Ratification of NPT/CTBT b. Reduction by the US and Russia c. Elimination by all nuclear states d. Follow up: control mechanism

8. Creation of International Nuclear Fuel-Bank

9. Advantages of nuclear zero

10. Conclusion

“This is that the moment to start the work of seeking the peace of world without nuclear weapons” (Barak Obama)

Man has achieved tremendous progress in developing scientific technology for the welfare and well-being of humanity, but simultaneously, he has also developed weapons for his own destruction. to amass power–the most flagrant of all passions–he created weapons including explosive, chemical, biological and nuclear. Among them, the nuclear weapons are the foremost destructive causing mass destruction. Though, these are used once in history during the globe War-II, these have created a perpetual fear of annihilation among all humans. Now, with the evolving of a multi-cultural globalized world, there's a rise in momentum to develop a consensus for achieving Global Zero- elimination of all nuclear weapons. To achieve this initiative, the necessity is to sit down together, contemplate, devise a method and comply with divert this capability from weapons to welfare of humanity. the foremost resounding argument, generating urge to realize this surpass able task lies within the brief history of apocalyptic perils of nuclear weapons.

The perils of atomic weapons were manifest because the two cities of Japan were wreaked when the bombs were dropped on them. In Hiroshima, some 75,000 people were immediately killed by blast, fire and radiation. Another 70,000 died by the top of 1945. Three days later in Nagasaki, A-bomb killed about 40,000 people immediately, another 75,000 died by the top of 1945. Five days after Nagasaki’s flattening, Japan surrendered. But the impact didn’t stop there. Thousands of people died in following years thanks to radiation. Tens of thousands became disabled. Not only the people present at the time suffered but the ‘unborn’ also. Thousands of others were born with deformities and genetic disorders because of which successive generations have suffered.

The Americans and Japanese learned different lessons from these bombings. “The Americans lesson was; the nuclear weapons win wars, and thus have value. the Japanese learned that individual and nuclear weapons cannot co                                                                

exist.” (David Krieger, President Nuclear Age Peace Foundation). However, the danger posed by nuclear weapons today is much greater than the destruction they caused in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Today, the quantity of nuclear weapons round the world is about 30,000 bombs with far greater weight and destruction power. Even a fraction of those weapons could put an end to human further as other species on our planet. it's clear that if we don’t achieve ‘Global Zero’, our planet is usually in danger, of being converted into a ‘Ground Zero’. this might happen not only thanks to a deliberate act but also accidental incident. Therefore, there's a powerful reason that ‘these weapons must be abolished before they abolish us’.

The need to eliminate nuclear weapons isn't only because these may be used for destruction in war but also because they pose equal danger in times of peace. There are “Close Calls” to annihilation in various occasions. [In 1995] President Boris Yeltsin was informed that a nuclear missile was speeding towards the center of Russia. Russian nuclear forces, already on hair-trigger alert, were put in even higher alert. Russian policy necessitated a “launch on warning”. The fate of the world hung within the balance. Yeltsin wisely waited. And within those moments, the alarm declared false. “An unimaginable nuclear disaster had barely been avoided”, declared America’s Defense Monitor, Center for Defense Information, December 26, 1999.

Another, important incident materialized within the US on August 31, 2007. Air Force crew loaded six live nuclear warheads onto a 8-52 Bomber and flew from ‘Minot Air Force Base’ in ND to ‘Barksdak Air Force Base’ in cruising over the country’s heartland (Around 15 states). Each warhead was 10 times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In analysis report, America’s Defense science Board (DSB) revealed that ‘six of the planet’s most powerful weapons were missing and nobody noticed until they'd landed in Louisiana after flight of three ½ hours.’ The report concluded that ‘human error was at the guts of the incident.’

This incident underscores the chance of accidental atomic explosion threat because of ‘human error’ even within the country of its origin and within the ‘peace times’. it's important to notice that this incident occurred within the US, which claims to use world’s best safety standards for nuclear weapons. While the US itself keeps expressing concern over the security of Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal.

It is learnt from these incidents that the humanity is at the chance of just single human error, if the nuclear weapons exist within the world. Therefore, wisdom entails elimination of all nuclear weapons so as to form the longer term of humanity—our generation and our future generations – safe and secure.

In addition, the conflict which was the pushing force behind nuclear race has ended 20 years ago. Also because of the interdependence of states within the current scenario, there's unlikeness of revival of such conflicts.

Moreover, the presence of nuclear weapons in some states provides reason and pretext for other ambitious nations to accumulate the identical status. This unwise race has itself caused devastating effects on economy and human development, particularly in developing countries.

One of the key world powers, the USSR too, collapsed under the heavy burden of extraordinary defense spending on economy. The developing countries like India, Pakistan, and D.P.R.K. also joined the race. They did achieve acquiring nuclear weapons but                                                                

their poor population is littered with abject poverty. a rustic like Pakistan, which is simply surviving at the sting of economic insolvency, could gain much economic process, had the resources been utilized for the welfare of individuals. Iranians are bearing the sanctions imposed by western powers through the UN for pursuing nuclear technology, which in step with them, is geared toward acquiring weapons.

Besides, the argument to possess nuclear weapons to keep up deterrence capability has also lost its ground. More the states acquire ‘nukes’, more the danger of their use builds-up. Moreover, the presence of nukes always poses risk of slipping into the hands of terrorists. Admiral Noel GayLer, a former commander-in-chief of the Pacific Command folks Navy, asks, “Is difference of nuclear weapons still possible?” He answers, “No”. He also questions, “Does nuclear disarmament imperil our security?” He answers, “No, it enhances it.” As human – beings are fallible, deterrence isn't an ideal system. It is failed by human error, accident, miscalculation or just miscommunication. “Does it be to risk the long run of our cities and even the human species on an unprovable theory?”, David Krieger, founding father of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.

This is why, fortunately, the initiative of achieving peace of the planet without nuclear weapons is gaining support among both the senior military and therefore the political leaders of the planet. The increasing number of leaders have realized what United States President said, “We must think anew and act anew.” Recently many world leaders have expressed willingness to maneuver towards this goal. British Prime Minister Garden Brown said in March 2008 that the United Kingdom was able to work for “a world that's free from nuclear weapons.” On December 5, 2008, Nicholas Sarkozy, the French President, while holding EU Presidency, wrote a letter to UN General Secretary, outlining an EU decide to advance global progress toward nuclear disarmament.

In order to seize this positive trend, to attain the commitment of the complete international community, and to re-energize effort for complete nuclear disarmament, a brand-new initiative “Global Zero” was launched on December 9, 2008, in Paris. The initiative was endorsed by 100 internationals political, military, business and civic leaders across the globe. The signatories included former US President Chief Executive, former Soviet leader Gorbachev, former British Foreign Secretary Margaret Becket, Queen Noor of Jordan, Ehasnul Haq, former Joint Chief of the Staff committee (JCSC) of Pakistan, former Indian National Security advisor Brajes Mishra.

Global Zero envisages eliminating nuclear weapons through phased and verified reduction over a period of years. Key steps include:

• Massive reduction in Russian-US arsenal. • Complete elimination to zero by all states. • Establishing verification system to stay check. • International management of the fuel cycle.

There are many positive indicators which indicate why this goal is achievable. First; there's a powerful historical support. Throughout the nuclear age, even at the peak of the conflict, leaders foresaw every day when the planet might be freed from nukes. In 1986, Soviet Premier Gorbachev and US President President of the United States agreed that: “A nuclear war could never be won and mustn't ever be fought.” In 1999, Chinese President Jiang Zemin stated: “There is not any reason why nuclear weapons shouldn't be comprehensively banned and completely destroyed.”

Second; as Jiang Zemin had emphasized in his statement, ‘What it takes to achieve this                                                                 

objective is not any quite a robust political will.’ the globe leaders trust the concept of a world without nukes and have the means to attain it. What they only need is that the ‘Political will’. Some analysts argue that whether or not the most important world powers comply with eliminate nuclear weapons, country like Iran may not comply with abandon its ambition. Though Iran’s WMD ambitions could be a fallacy, there's a robust reason why Iran would follow the course. “If there's growing support by nuclear powers and belief worldwide, i believe it becomes harder for any government, including Iran, to cross that barrier”, said Richard Burt, who was Washington’s Chief negotiator within the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) talks within the early 1990s. Naturally, no country can afford to air the one side and whole of the globe on the opposite.

Third; there's a powerful support among majority of the people round the world. A poll of 21 countries conducted by Program on International Policy Attitudes (PIPA), USA, shows that global opinion is overwhelmingly in favors of a global agreement for eliminating all nuclear weapons. 76 per cent of respondents, across all countries polled, favor such an agreement. because the popular opinion tends to direct the policies of governments, it's likely that the leaders would come to the table.

Fourth; at this point particular, there's a replacement and great opportunity. US President Barak Obama and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin have signaled to figure on nuclear disarmament. the previous declared, “This is that the moment to start the works of seeking the peace of a world without nuclear weapons.” Similarly, Russian Prime Minister Putin expressed in an exceedingly speech in September 2008 to “Close this Pandora’s Box”.

This new and unprecedented political support from the heads of the world’s most significant governments for zero nuclear weapons has made this goal possible. This moment offers both the chances and dangers. Possibilities; thanks to new leadership within the US which appears to support the goal of nuclear abolition. Dangers; because, if this moment passes without action, then the nuclear-race could quickly gather pace with more states acquiring weapons and therefore the risk of weapons falling into the hands of terrorists would increase.

This opportunity must be seized. it's the time for a brand-new setting out to achieve a world freed from nuclear weapons. This moment entails embracing possibilities and dispelling dangers. The phased and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons is feasible. Here are a number of the steps needed to realize this goal:

ESSAY ON PAKISTAN RESOURCES

 

Outline

1-      Introduction

2-      2- Natural Resources and their management

3-      3- Richness / abundance of natural resources in Pakistan

4-      4- Pakistan's natural resources and their mismanagement

a) Energy resources i- Nonrenewable energy resources

a. Oil and Gas reserves b. Coal reserves

ii- Renewable energy resources a. Wind and alternative energy b. Hydropower

b) Agricultural resources i- Irrigation Network ii- Fertile Land iii- form of Crops iv- farming v- Fishing

c) Mineral Ore Resources i. Copper and gold resources. ii. Salt mines and other minerals

d) Human resources i. Sixth Largest Population within the World ii. Youth comprising major chuck

5- Factors resulting in poor management / Governance a) Political instability/ rivalry, b) Lack of vision and planning, c) Flawed policies, d) Bureaucratic bottlenecks and corruption, e) Worsened Law and order situation,

5-      Implications of mismanagement of natural resources

6-      7- Way forward

7-      8- Conclusion

Pakistan is one amongst the richest countries within the world in terms of natural resources but also one in all the poorest among them in their management. The country is abundant within the vital                                                                 

resources including that of energy, agriculture, minerals, population, and geography, but unlike the developed countries, these haven't been properly exploited thanks to poor management. This dismayed situation is caused because of several, both chronic and acute, flaws which have led to poor governance of country since its inception except some brief spells of economic prosperity. Prevalent political rivalry and instability, worsening law and order and rampant corruption have catalyzed the case to resource development impasse. Contrary to economic potential of its natural resources, Pakistan may be a looking on aid and debt, it's facing deficit in trade, acute energy crisis to run industry, and water stress for agriculture, to call some challenges.

However, the daunting challenges and therefore the mounting public pressure caused because of awareness of civil society are increasingly influencing the political deciding. Eventually, there's sign of hope for devising effective strategy to take advantage of the resource wealth of the country for its self-sufficiency and viable economic development. it's sufficed to mention that the correct exploitation of this wealth would cause the prosperity of this nation.

Before discussing what, natural resources Pakistan possesses, it's important to grasp what constitutes natural resources. These occur naturally within environments characterized by amounts of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in various ecosystems. Some resources like water and agriculture are essential for survival of inhabitants while others like energy and minerals are secondary in nature but essential for economic development. However, efficient management of those resources is significant to attain prosperity of nation. natural resources management may be a discipline with a selected specialize in how management affects the standard of life for both present and future generations. it's interrelated with the concept of sustainable development. Pakistan is blessed huge quantity of resources but lags in management.

Being situated at one amongst the most effective geographic and geostrategic locations on the map of world, Pakistan is affluent within the natural resources. it's enormous energy surplus resource potential of both renewable and nonrenewable, which is bigger than that of oil rich countries of Gulf. Among the world's 200 plus countries it's the second largest salt mines, second largest coal reserves, fifth largest copper and gold reserves, seventh largest wheat and rice production capacity. it's the sixth most populous country within the world having large share of young population. Had these resources been properly managed, this country would be one in every of the richest economies of world. The detailed account of the natural wealth of Pakistan shows how such great potential has been untapped thanks to mismanagement.

There are many nonrenewable energy resources like oil, gas and coal in Pakistan. it's quite 436.2 million barrels of oil, in line with CIA World Fact Book, and 31.3 trillion cubic feet of proven gas reserves. the present production is 65,997 barrels per day while gas production is 4 billion cubic feet per day. Though it's not enough to fulfill the requirements, it can save considerable outflow of currency. Moreover, there's resource potential of 27 billion Barrels of Oil and 282 TCF of gas reserves within the country which has not been explored thanks to lack of vision and flawed policies.

 

Pakistan has world's second largest coal deposits of 185 billion tons. These are estimated to be cherish 618 billion barrels of fossil oil. this is often over twice if we compare it with oil reserves of Saudi Arabia. If it's converted into oil by gasification, it'll generate 650 barrels of oil which at a mean market rate of eighty dollars per barrel, would generate 5.2 trillion dollars. But the political affairs elite of the country has not only been oblivious to the potential but also indifferent to the slow pace of efforts to harness this source for energy production and exports. The energy deficit is badly affecting the industry in country but no any serious initiative is taken for electricity production from coal. China imports its 65 percent of coal requirements but despite being 'all weather friend', this giant energy importing economy doesn't import coal from Pakistan.

Besides, the geography of Pakistan enriches it with the renewable energy resources. Wind and alternative energy are other unused lifelines of Pakistan. 1046 km long coastal line gives potential of 40000 MW of electricity. The vast lands of Baluchistan are utilized for solar electricity generation. But unfortunately, these resources have barely been used because of technological backwardness and lack of innovative policies.

The hydropower potential of the country is additionally enough to satisfy the wants of energy. Only 33 percent of around 20,000 MW generation capacity is produced from this resource which has the potential of manufacturing 40,000 MW. No concrete steps are taken to harness this resource mainly thanks to political differences and distrust prevailing within the country.

The lack of vision and policy planning in utilization of water resource is additionally severely affecting agriculture. Despite having one in all the most important irrigation systems of the planet, Pakistan is facing water scarcity for crops. Storage capacity of water reservoirs is quickly depleting due to annual sediment inflow and a considerable quantum of accessible water is lost in seepage because the canals haven't been cemented. Out of 77 million acres cultivable area, only 55.5 million acres are ploughed. The country is blessed four seasons and form of crops but because of lack of research the productivity remains low.

In addition, being an agricultural country, it possesses tremendous scope of agriculture. Pakistan's breeds of cow like Sahiwal cow are the simplest breeds of world. charge to the current area can cause bulk of exports in dairy products. On other hand, fishing industry has a very important role to play in economy of Pakistan. The coast line of 814 km provides ample opportunity to boost this industry, but poor performance and poor presentation of our cause in WTO have put this industry at the verge of destruction.

The minerals are vital natural resources available in profusion. Pakistan has fifth largest copper and gold reserves within the world. The Riko deq project, copper and gold reservoir, are estimated to be worth of 260 billion dollars, which is ten times the all aid received from USA in last sixty year. But rather than exploiting own resources for economic independence, country has been addicted to aid. How rich Pakistan is, and the way poor Pakistanis are! There are other partially untapped resources of rock salts, Gypsum, lime stone, iron, marble, and silica sand in large quantities. These resources haven't been exploited thanks to corruption and bottlenecks in political and bureaucratic culture.

The most important of the natural resources during this globalized world is human resource. Pakistan is that the sixth most populous country within the world having large share of 'young population' i.e. 63 percent below age of 25 years, in keeping with international organization Development Programmed. But the failed policies have caused mounting unemployment of 15 percent. The resource which may be wont to enhance the economic activity is left to no use which is adding to the rise in poverty. the dearth of opportunities resulting in the drain of talented minds has further worsened matters.

The above analysis reveals that Pakistan isn't poor, but poorly managed country. The factors which have caused the poor management of natural resources include political instability, political indecision making / divergence, lack of vision and planning, flawed policies, bureaucratic bottlenecks and corruption, lack of human resource development, worsened law and order situation. These factors have led not only to the poor management of natural resources but also to the poor governance of country.

The political instability has been the most reason behind such mayhem. Since the independence, no political group in Pakistan has been given enough time to be mature. The military interference in politics and rivalry among political stakeholders are the key features of brief history of this country. This inconsistency has kept the exploitation of natural wealth unattended. The divergence of opinion on construction of water resources has deprived the country of storing the excess water for agriculture and electricity generation. However, this might be overcome by vision and planning, which may be a scarce commodity here. rather than controversial big dams several small reservoirs may well be constructed, had a realistic approach prevailed among the choice making machinery.

Coupled with this, the flawed policies of successive governments have caused tremendous problems despite availability of adequate resources. The energy sector may be a vivid example of such poor management. the foremost chunk of the electricity is produced through thermal generation that almost 80 percent of oil is imported. Whereas the second largest treasure of coal within the world is left unexplored because it contributes only 2 percent of electricity generation. Countries like US, China and India generate electricity by almost 60 percent from coal because of its lower cost. This shows how other countries take cost of electricity generation into serious consideration.

However, it might be unfair to place all the burden of poor resource management on the political factors. The bureaucratic bottlenecks and corruption are equally answerable for this undesirable scenario. Several hydro power projects, Thar coal project, and oil exploration projects are in doldrums because of bureaucratic bottlenecks. there's no headway in solar and wind energy projects planned by energy Development Board. Similarly, corruption has also been extremely detrimental. The standstill within the Riko deq project is an example of this case. Pakistan is ranked at 34 in Corruption Perception Index 2010 by Transparency International, which may be a discouraging factor for foreign direct investment.

In addition, the worsened law and order situation has caused severe blow to the economy generally and resource management specifically. The volatile situation in Baluchistan.

 

is harmful to the exploitation of resources. The Gwadar port, despite being located at crucial location, has not been made fully functional. Other projects of mineral exploration are affected. The terrorism within the northern areas has been harmful for the potential tourism industry.

IMPORTANT ESSAY

 

Important essay

1. Introduction:

2. an outline of major religions and their injunctions:

3. Some issues apparently created by religion: - Inter-religious hatred.  - Sectarianism.  - Fanaticism and Intolerance.  - Traditionalism and Conservatism.  - Gender Discrimination.  - Fatalism. 

4. Do religion really cause a problem or is it merely an allegation?

5. Causes of bewilderment about religion: - Negative role of non-secular leaders so called icons.  - Ineffective contribution by the media.  - Insufficient specialize in religious education in modern educational institutions.  - Pursuit of political motives within the guise of faith.  - Lack of civilization. 

6. Actual causes of the issues faced by world: - Political power games.  - Economic motives of the nations.  - Lack of civilization in men.  ​. - Missing element of character building in educational institutes.  - Poor control over and monitoring of scientific advancement. 

- Deleterious impacts of electronic and social media. 

7. Do religion provide an answer to the problems the current world is confronted with?  Yes, all religions: - Propagate Humanism and supply mechanism for the creation of a terror assemblage. - Inculcate moral values and supply solutions to the problems of ethical degradation.  - Encourage generosity and benevolence to resolve poverty and privation issues.  - Spread patience and restrain and thus develop a society freed from atrocities and injustices.  - Inculcate sense of accountability and responsibility in society and address the difficulty of flouting of laws, rules and principles. - Teach self-restraint and self-control and resolve all issues created by rapacity and avarice. 

8. Recommendations for the dissemination of true massage of the religion: - Positive role of spiritual icons.  - Government’s patronizing the dissemination of faith in its pure form.  - Introduction of faith as integral a part of curricula.  - Positive role of media.  - specialize in similarities in numerous religions. 

9. Recommendations for the solutions of world issues: - Effective role of UNO.  - End of power game.  - Effective role of media in sensitization of brains.  - Devising routine for countering the detrimental effects of scientific advancement.  - Diverting energies towards the achievement of SDGs.  - Compassionate, considerate and solicitous attitude of the superpowers. 

10. Conclusion

SCO FINAL quiz 9

 Creator of Linux operating system? Linus Torvalds.....answer./

Commonly used method to access internet? Broadband with coaxial cable Wi-Fi Fiber optics or copper wires.....answer./

خوش و خرم میں آنے والا واؤ کیا کہلاتا ہے؟ واؤ عطفی.....answer./

جنگ اخبار میں روزن دیوار کے کالم نگار کا کیا نام ہے؟ عطاء الحق قاسمی.....answer./

کلاسیکی شاعری اور جدید شاعری کا سنگم کس شاعر کو.....answer./

کہتے ہی

روزن دیوار سے کس کی تصنیف ہے؟.....answer./

HEAD OF imf GEORGEVIA.....answer./

26.Find and replace shourtcut key......answer./

27..... told the computer what to do and how to do.software.....answer./

28. Home bedget medical record entertainment.computer all.....answer./

29.where my computer recyle bin shows called.desktop or screen.....answer./

30.user accout setting can change from.control pennel.....answer./

31.power point is a.meltimedia soft ware.....answer./

32.slidmaster in powerpoint in which view......answer./

33.add or remove is a.....answer./

34.when in a workbook defferent worksheet selected then who effiect on ms word file.....answer./

35.linucs opereting seytem founder.....answer./

36.sumera bag which belong to .mountain.....answer./

QUIZ 7

 What was established after Bretton woods conference? ADB ICJ INTERPOL.....answer./

When international hockey federation was established?1924.....answer./

Members of constituent assembly increased from 69 to?79.....answer./

Permanent members of security council?5.....answer./

Total members of Security council?15.....answer./

Vitamin C is found in? Oranges.....answer./

Ring of fire is attributed to? Pacific ocean.....answer./

10 people shake hands in a party with each other once. Number of total handshakes?45.....answer./

Average of 7 numbers is 40.what is sum?280.....answer./

Which number is multiplied by itself to get 422500? 650.....answer./

If company gets profit of 25% in first year. Then loss of 20% in second year. What is the percentage of gain or loss of the capital?0%.....answer./

Service Centre Official quiz 8

 Shortcut key Ctrl +K is used for? To insert hiperlink.....answer./

Shortcut key to align text in center? Ctrl+E.....answer./

Alignment used in newspapers and novels? justified.....answer./

User can manage account? Settings Control panel.....answer./

'Add or Remove program's is a? Utility program file manager productivity software.....answer./

MS power point is example of? Graphics software entertainment software multimedia software.....answer./

Which feature make excel distinct? Perform calculations on data.....answer./

What can add image, create image, etc? Multimedia software graphics software.....answer./

OS stands for in computer? Operating system.....answer./

Instructions that tell computer what to do? Software.....answer./

Larry page is co founder of? Google.....answer./